Docker(二)安装

Centos7 安装Docker CE

Docker系统有两个程序:docker服务端和docker客户端。其中docker服务端是一个服务进程,管理着所有的容器。docker客户端则扮演着docker服务端的远程控制器,可以用来控制docker的服务端进程。大部分情况下,docker服务端和客户端运行在一台机器上。

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Containers: 0
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 0
Images: 2
Server Version: 18.09.6
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: bb71b10fd8f58240ca47fbb579b9d1028eea7c84
runc version: 2b18fe1d885ee5083ef9f0838fee39b62d653e30
init version: fec3683
Security Options:
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.5.1.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 3.7GiB
Name: vincent-os
ID: FPSG:FBC3:LLNU:6TCG:HATE:NZ6J:Z36F:C6PY:KSYW:RGFE:AER6:IFDM
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
Product License: Community Engine

安装步骤

卸载旧版本(未安装跳过此步骤)

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yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-selinux \
docker-engine-selinux \
docker-engine

安装yum插件

1.安装所需的软件包 yum-utils提供了yum-config-manager 效用

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yum install -y yum-utils

tools for manipulating repositories and extended package management(用于操作存储库和扩展包管理的工具)

2.并需要安装device-mapper-persistent-data和lvm2支持devicemapper存储驱动程序。

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yum install -y device-mapper-persistent-data \lvm2

3.设置使用国内镜像源

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yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

4.更新更新 yum 软件源缓存

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yum makecache fast

安装Docker-CE

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yum install docker-ce

1.设置开机启动并启动Docker

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systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker

2.更新Docker
与安装相似,只需要将install替换为upgrade

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yum -y upgrade docker-ce

3.镜像加速
找到文件/etc/docker/daemon.json
修改参数

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{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://dockerhub.azk8s.cn",
"https://reg-mirror.qiniu.com",
"http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
]
}

4.修改之后重新加载并重启docker

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

重启之后docker info 中的镜像源信息

MacOS 安装Docker

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brew install docker

其实最好的是直接安装docker Desktop

Docker 基础命令

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## List Docker CLI commands(列出Docker的命令行指令)
docker
docker container --help

## Display Docker version and info(显示Docker的版本和详细信息)
docker --version
docker version
docker info

## Execute Docker image (Docker启动镜像或者说是创建镜像实例启动容器)
docker run hello-world

## List Docker images (列出docker所有镜像)
docker image ls

## List Docker containers (列出所有Docker的所有容器)
docker container ls ## 列出所有运行的容器
docker container ls --all ## 列出所有的容器
docker container ls -aq ## 只列出了容器ID